But do this indoors where you’ll be much safer. So the next time there is a thunderstorm try working out how far away it is. This will give you the distance in kilometres. You can work out how far away a thunderstorm is by counting the number of seconds between the flash of lightning and the sound of thunder and then divide that number by 3. Time between the lightning and the thunder. And the further away you are, the longer the The lightning flash travels very fast, but the sound of thunder travels much more slowly. It can occur within the cloud, between clouds, between the cloud and the air, or between the cloud and the ground. That’s because light and sound travel at different speeds. Lightning, the visible discharge of electricity that occurs when a region of a cloud acquires an excess electrical charge, either positive or negative, sufficient to break down the resistance of air. We usually see lightning before we hear thunder. Anyway, most people get struck by lightning before or after a thunderstorm and not during it. As the air heats so quickly it suddenly expands, making a shock wave – a huge vibration in the air While counting seconds between thunder and lightning tells you how far you are from a lightning strike, it doesn’t tell you how far away the dangerous part of a storm is. When lightning happens, it heats the air to around 10,000 ☌. There’s also fork lightning which flows between a cloud and the ground. Which flows between clouds and lights up the whole sky. There are lots of different kinds of lightning. But thunder is sound, and thus travels at 770 mph (about 5 seconds to travel a mile, or 3 seconds to travel a kilometre). This is like a shock or a really big spark and is what we call lightning. If the charge builds up enough, it flows as a massive electrical current to the ground or to another cloud. And just like when you rub a balloon this builds up an electric charge. The discharge is initiated by a leader that propagates between regions of opposite charge (or from a charged region to the neutral atmosphere). When an intracloud discharge occurs, the cloud becomes luminous for approximately 0.2 to 0.5 second. Inside a storm cloud, bits of ice move up and down and bump into each other. The first lightning flash in a thunderstorm is typically an intracloud discharge. Both of these are caused by static electricity. Or when your hair sticks to a balloon when you rub it on your head. It’s a little like the shock you get when you shuffle on a carpet and touch a door handle. The reason you see lightning first is because light travels faster than sound. The heavy rain, bright flashes of lightning, and the crashing and rumbling sounds of the thunder. Both thunder and lightning happen at the same time.
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